Urginea maritima is a bulb growing to 1 m 3ft 3in by 0. Squill consists of the sliced and dried fleshy scale leaves of the bulb of urginea maritima linn. Scilla maritima, urginea scilla, drimia maritima or urginea pancration has the common names red squill, sea squill, sea onion, ein sit, and ada sogani. Scilla maritima definition of scilla maritima by the. Scilla the classic name of the plant, is derived from a greek word meaning to exite or disturb. Squill is largely obtained from malta and the countries of the mediterranean coast. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu free documentation license. Each plant profile in the database contains nomenclature info, botanical data, plant description, large, highresolution pictures, images and photos of the plants and its parts, detailed.
This species is known by several common names, including squill, sea squill, sea onion, and maritime squill. The tall sometimes well over a meter flower sprouts from a large bulb. Baker extract on chromosomes1 mert metin2, betul burun2, 1this study is a part of a m. There are no related plants for species urginea maritima.
Drimia maritima flowers without bearing leaves at the end of summer hysteranthous geophyte. Stearn is used in the production of medicinal products. Scilla maritima synonyms, scilla maritima pronunciation, scilla maritima translation, english dictionary definition of scilla maritima. One giant bulb white squill bulbs frequently weigh 68 lbs.
Urginea maritima sea squill, red squill pfaf plant database. Tlcspectrophotometric assay of the main glycosides of red squill, a specific rodenticide. Red squill urginea maritima, liliaceae springerlink. Afacan, ayse department of chemistry, faculty of science and arts, namuk kemal university, tekirdag, turkey. Urginea maritima is a species of flowering plant in the family. Asparagaceae, the asparagus family what kind of plant is it.
The name red squill may be reserved for a variety of the plant which has redtinted flowers instead of the more common white. Contraindications, warnings squill may cause gastric irritation and should be avoided by individuals with a cardiac disorder. Chemical constituents of wild onion urginea indica kunth. Determination of antioxidant activities of different. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 305015 with original publication details. In recent years, there has been a growing interest regarding free radicals, due to the. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Urginea maritima produced contraction of isolated atrium of rabbit as shown in figure 3 figure 3. Stearn is a bulbous perennial that grows around the mediterranean littoral in dry stony and sandy areas. Cardiotonic activity of white squill urginea maritima extract on isolated atrium of rabbit. Current hplc methods comprise tedious sample cleanup and have been merely focused on the analysis of cardiac glycosides, whereas a thorough characterization of d.
Scilla maritima was the name given by linnaeus, but this was changed to urginea, in allusion to the algerian tribe ben urgin, near boma, where steinheil in 1834 examined this plant, removing it. Davis 1984 states up to 300 m above sea level, but it grows at over 680 m in. Total phenolic concentrations and antioxidant activities in drimia sp. Determination of antioxidant activities of different urginea maritima l. Determination of antioxidant activities of different urginea maritima. Valentino vallicelli it is an unmistakable species for it shape and aspect.
We have long grown this plant as urginea maritima, the name this plant was first described as by british botanist john gilbert baker 18341920 in the journal of the linnean society. Verapamil produced negative inotropic effect on isolated atrium which was antagonized by adding urginea maritima extract. Istvan ujvary, in hayes handbook of pesticide toxicology third edition, 2010 a introduction. Its very scarce in the uk and were sure this is the best price youll find for it. Pdf chromatographic fractionation, antioxidant and. The bulb scales are odourless or with a slight odour, and have a mucilagenous, bitter acrid and. Urginea maritima is the giant among all mediterranean geophytes it is a winter active perennial bulb. The sea squill urginea maritima or charybdis maritima or drimia maritima is a common autumn flower which despite its name is found all the way from sea level to mountain zones in phrygana, forests and olive groves. It may also be called red squill, particularly a form which produces redtinged flowers instead of white. The present work concerns a phytochemical study of urginea maritima l. The squill urginea maritima, whose bulb yields a powder used as a rat poison and formerly used medicinally. Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. Scilla maritima was the name given by linnaeus, but this was changed to urginea an allusion to the algerian. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about drimia species, giant white squill, red sea squill, sea onion drimia maritima supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles databa.
In view of the cardiotonic constituents, precautions applied to digoxin therapy should be considered for squill. It is in leaf from october to july, in flower from september to october. This is the profile for the plant urginea pancration sea squill basal talghansar. Based on chloroplast dna sequences, the divergence date between monocots and dicots is estimated to be 200 million years, with a 40 million years uncertainty. Ancient egyptians called red squill ein sit for the god who resists the sun, since it only blooms in autumn. Coarse basal foliage erupts in fall from a massive bulb that prefers, like an amaryllis, to be partly or even mostly aboveground. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by bees. One of the bestknown species is the sea squill, drimia maritima formerly urginea maritima. Squill uses, botanical source, characters, and chemical. Simultaneous determination of bufadienolides and phenolic.
Pdf chromatographic fractionation, antioxidant and antibacterial. Liliopsida is considered the scientific name for monocots, but monocots may be called differently based on different taxonomic classification systems. Cardiovascular studies of white squill urginea maritima. Proper usage and audio pronunciation of the word urginea maritima. This species will produce several broad, wavy edged greygreen leaves about 60cm long. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The ancestors of flowering plants diverged from gymnosperms around 245202 million years ago, and the first flowering plants known to exist are from 140 million years ago. Its bigger than my fist but, truth to tell, my urgineas still a wimp. Plant profiles giant squill after the heat of summer breaks, the urginea sprouts. In the apg iv classification system, it is placed in the family asparagaceae, subfamily scilloideae formerly the family hyacinthaceae. Urginea maritima extract may be the cause of this effect. In autumn, the seasquill urginea maritima terminates the growth cycle of a stem that started its development and leaf activity at the beginning of last years winter.
This wonderfully unusual plant grows to about 6090 cm and produces masses of white, star shaped flowers on long flowering spikes. The huge bulbs and fabulous flowers of the urginea maritima will make a real talking point in your garden. Urginea, named for an arabian tribe in algeria, known as ben urgin. In early autumn, after the leaves have died down, the inflorescence emerges as a tall spikelike raceme of small, whitish flowers, opening in. Stearn liliaceae synonyms scilla, urginea,urginea maritimal. The bulbs were an ancient source of rodenticide products replaced later on by warfarin and modern anticoagulant raticides. When broadly circumscribed, the genus includes a number of other genera previously treated separately, including litanthus, rhodocodon, schizobasis and urginea one of the bestknown species is the sea squill, drimia. In the late summer for the high and characteristic inflorescence, in the other seasons for the aboveground bulbs and leaves. According to tradition, urginea maritima is planted in the vicinity of arab graves, to protect them. Ars germplasm resources information network urma2 calphotos urma2. Scilla maritima was the name given by linnaeus, but this was changed to urginea, in allusion to the algerian tribe ben urgin, near boma, where steinheil in 1834 examined this plant, removing it from the genus scilla.
Urginea marittima is an unmistakable species for it shape and aspect. Maritima, european squill, mediterra nean squill, scilla maritime, white squill, sea onion, sea squill bulb, urginea scilla, urginea indica, scilla indica plant description urginea indica kunth. Drimia maritima plant biodiversity of southwestern morocco. Has 225 biological activities, 30 ethnobotanical uses. Abstracttotal phenolics, proanthocyanidins, antioxidant, and free. Moreover, the free radical scavenging activity values were tested with dpph.
In early autumn, after the leaves have died down, the inflorescence emerges as a tall spikelike raceme of small, whitish flowers, opening in succession from the base. Urginea maritima is a species of flowering plant in the family asparagaceae, subfamily scilloideae formerly the family hyacinthaceae. Learn more about squill uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain squill. Stearn is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus drimia family asparagaceae. Baker, liliaceae is a native medicinal and ornamental plant from the mediterranean area. Drimia maritima sea squill a large bulb to 12 wide or more that often rests partially above ground and produces 1218 long by 4 inch wide glaucus bluegreen strapshaped leaves that emerge in late fall and last into the following summer. Urginea maritima charybdis maritima drimia maritima sea. Drimia maritima, ornithogalum maritimum, scilla hispanica, s. Red squill or the sea onion, traditionally known as urginea drimia or scilla.
Red squill has been subjected to severe uprooting and collection of the bulbs fleshy scales by pharmaceutical companies in its native range. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Giant white squill the worlds largest flowering bulb. Urginea maritima charybdis maritima drimia maritima. Urginea maritima, which is dedicated for the depic. Drimia species, giant white squill, red sea squill, sea. Urginea maritima giant white squill flower bulbs for sale. Biosystematics studies on medicinal plant urginea indica. Botany in 1872, but most recently it has been reclassified and combined into the genus drimia as drimia maritima. Antiinsect activity of bufadienolides from urginea maritima. Drimia intricata formerly schizobasis intricata is sometimes cultivated as a bulbous or succulent plant. Drimia species, giant white squill, red sea squill, sea onion.
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